What word denotes the absence of government, resulting in chaos or lawlessness?

The correct term that denotes the absence of government, which leads to chaos or lawlessness, is anarchy. Anarchy refers to a state or condition where there is no governing authority or structured political system in place. This vacuum of power can result in disorder, as individuals may act based solely on their own interests without guidelines or laws to follow, leading to potential conflict and disruption in society.

In contrast, the other terms relate to different concepts. Apathy refers to a lack of interest or concern, particularly about important matters, rather than a breakdown of government. Antipathy signifies an intense dislike or aversion, which does not pertain to governance or order. Amenable suggests a willingness to comply or be agreeable, which has no connection to the state of government structure or its absence. Thus, anarchy is the term that precisely captures the scenario of chaos stemming from a lack of governmental authority.