What is the meaning of the term impetuous?

The term "impetuous" is defined as acting quickly and without thought or care, often leading to impulsive or rash decisions. When someone is described as impetuous, it usually implies a sense of spontaneity that can sometimes be reckless. This aligns with the meaning conveyed by the correct choice, indicating a lack of careful consideration or deliberation in actions.

In contrast, the other options describe traits that are characterized by carefulness and thoughtfulness, which directly oppose the nature of being impetuous. For instance, being cautious and thoughtful, as well as calculated and deliberate, encompasses a level of planning and consideration. Similarly, the reserved and introverted option suggests a tendency to be more reflective and less impulsive. Therefore, the understanding of "impetuous" is well captured by the choice that highlights its impulsive and rash qualities.