How would you describe a taste or smell that is sharp or penetrating?

The term that best describes a taste or smell that is sharp or penetrating is "pungent." This word specifically refers to strong, intense odors or flavors that can evoke a strong sensory response. Pungent smells are often associated with substances like strong cheeses, certain spices, or vinegar, which can dominate the olfactory experience due to their powerful and distinctive characteristics.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the idea of a sharp or penetrating taste or smell. "Propriety" refers to the state of being proper or appropriate, which has no relation to sensory descriptions. "Prosaic" describes something that is dull or lacking in imagination, and while it can apply to descriptions of taste or smell, it does not specifically indicate sharpness or intensity. "Prolific" means producing much fruit, foliage, or offspring, and does not pertain to sensory impressions at all. Thus, "pungent" is the only choice that accurately captures the essence of a sharp or penetrating flavor or aroma.